在某些情况下(如下面的Explicit 和 Implicit英语单词用法说明中详述), explicit 和 implicit这两个词是互为反义词 - 也就是说,它们具有相反的含义。
Explicit 和 Implicit的定义
Explicit,形容词,指清楚的、直接的、明确表达的,易于观察的或完整呈现的。其副词形式是explicitly。
Implicit,形容词,指暗示的、未陈述的、间接表达的。其副词形式是implicitly。
Explicit 和 Implicit英语单词用法例句
例1:"I gave you an explicit order. I expect to be obeyed." (我给了你一个明确的命令。我希望你能够服从命令。)- 来源:James Carroll,Memorial Bridge.Houghton Mifflin,1991)
例2:"Most states consider sexually explicit images of minors to be child pornography, meaning even teenagers who share nude selfies among themselves can, in theory at least, be hit with felony charges that can carry heavy prison sentences and require lifetime registration as a sex offender." (在大多数州,未成年人的性器官裸露图片被视为儿童色情内容,这意味着,至少在理论上即使是青少年之间分享裸体自拍都可能会受到重罪指控,被判处重刑,并且会留下性犯罪者的终身记录。 )- 来源:Associated Press, "Teen Sexting Prompts Efforts to Update Child Porn Laws." The New York Times, March 17, 2016
例3:"In academia, 'implicit bias,' or implicit racial bias as it is here, refers to subtle forms of possibly unintentional prejudice affecting judgment and social behavior." (在学术界,' 隐性偏见',或隐含的种族偏见,就像在这里的一样,指的是那些可能无心的偏见但能影响判断力和社会行为的微妙形式。)- 来源:Rose Hackman, "'Black Judge Effect': Study of Overturning Rates Questions If Justice Is Really Blind." The Guardian [UK], March 17, 2016
例4:You must listen carefully and critically to understand Snoop's implicit message.(您必须听清楚并辨别Snoop的隐含信息。)
Explicit 和 Implicit英语单词用法说明
Explicit 和 Implicit这两个英文单词都来自同一个意思为'折叠(fold)'的拉丁词词根。当某些东西是 explicit,它就是展开的(unfold),为了让人们看到。Implicit则与此相反。它意味着“折叠(fold)”,意思是意义被覆盖或包含在其他东西中并且不是明确的。
一个explicit (明确的)声明是一个清楚的、公开的和明确的观点,一张explicit 图片、一本explicit 书籍、一部explicit 电影等指其中有裸露或性行为公开的图形、影像等。
当某些东西是implicit,它是隐含的、没有明确表述的,如implicit belief, implicit confidence, implicit faith等等。
简单英语单词记忆法:Explicit 和 Implicit英语单词用法区别
其实这个很好记,ex一般是向外的前缀,比如explode,exhale,exhibition等,向外的就是要展示的,就是要说清楚的。
Explicit 和 Implicit英语单词用法习题
(a) "Though most people would agree that the media almost never deliver a message that explicitly encourages violence, some people argue that violence in the media carries the _____ message that violence is acceptable." – 来源:Jonathan L. Freedman, Media Violence and Its Effect on Aggression, 2002
(b) Cigarette packs carry _____ health warnings.
答案
Implicit
explicit